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(No Model.) 2 Sheets Sheet 1f A. B. LIPS EY.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

No. 282,204. Patented July 31, 1.883.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. B. 'LIPSEY.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

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UNITED STATES P TENT Gr mes.

ANDREW B'LIlSEY, or wnsr HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WILL- 1AM BELL, or NEW ronx, N.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

SPIEGIF'ICATI0N forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,204, dated July 31, 1883.

Application filed August 10, 1882. (No model.)

To all? whom it .maly concern Be it known that 1, ANDREW B. LIrsEY, of? West Hoboken, in thecounty of Hudson and State of New. Jersey, have inventeda certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Manufacturing Gas, of which the following is a specification.

My improvement consists in the combination, in an apparatus .for manufacturing. gas,

of an annular generator provided-with rate bars forming an annular grate for supporting the material to be burned, and a column extending through the generator from top to bottom and containing an outlet-flue.x

It also consists in thecombination of an annular. generator and a column arrangedtherein and-containing anoutlet-flue, which serves to conduct away the gas generated, and which communicates near the top of thecolumn with theupper portion of the generator. 7

It also consists in the combination ofan annular generator, a column arranged therein,

and containing an outlet-flue which communi; nicates with. said generator, and a pipe for superheating steam, extending through said column, between the flue and the generator.

The column is preferably made of less thiclr fromthe pipe which extends around the gen-I orator to the generator for dischargingthe superheated steaminto the generator.

the upper part of said generator, a pipe for conducting naphtha connected with the upper end of said flue to commingle. naphtha'vapor with the gas, and apipe for conducting steam I to said naphtha-pipe to hasten the passage of the naphtha. 1

It also consists in the combination of a generator, grate-bars, distributing-bars elevated above the level of the grate-bars, and pipes for conducting superheated steam under the distributing-bars, so that the latter may serve to rated on their tops, and serve to cover and protect the pipes which deliver steam below them. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a my improvement. Fig. 2 is atransverse sec- .tion of aiportion of the same. i Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section of a portion of the apparatus, and Fig. 4 isa plan of the same.

Similar letters of reference designate corre- 6 sponding parts in all the figures.

A designates an annular generator or generating-chamber, which is provided at the lower endwith grate-bars A, surmounting an ashpit, A

with covers A, whose edges enter annular recesses adjacent to the openings and are sealed by sand therein. This chamber may be made of clay protected with fire-tiles. covered by a shell of metal.

A designates steam-distributing bars, of which there may be any desirable number, although in this example but four are shown.

They may be made of fire-clay, and are pref- 8o erably so combined with the chamber A that they may be slid into and out of the same.

They extend up above the grate-bars A, and

therefore the coal is at the sides, as well as above the same. They have convex' perfo- 8 5 ':rated portions serving to distribute into the coal, above the level of the grate-bars A, steam admitted under the bars. The ash-pit A is pro+ vided with lateral openings furnished with doors or covers, which control access to them. 0

A designates air-pipes conveying air from a blower to the ash-pit A B designates a flue arranged concentrically within the chamber A, and formed in a column, which, as here shown, extends from top 5 to bottom of the chamber. This flue may have ametal lining, l. The chamber Aicommunicates with it through openingsra in the sectional elevation of an-apparatus embodying Goal maybe introduced into this chamber through openings in the top fitted It may be distribute it above the level of the grate-bars. 5 The distributing-bars are preferably perfocolumn. Near the lower end this flue communicates, through the agency of a passage, 1), with a flue, B, the exit from which is controlled by a cover, 0. The flue B, near the lower end, also communicates with a passage, (1, which leads to a delivery-flue, B; This flue has at the top a cover, 6, which controls the egress of gas from it, and it'communicates near the top with a flue, B leading to retorts O,

presently to be described.

D designates a pipe leading from a suitable steam-generator. It passes down a cavity, f, in the column which contains the flue B. It rcturns upwardly through the cavity, and then passes over the top of the chamber Ato a cavity, f, in the said column. It descends through this cavity and returns to the top of the said chamber, whence it passes to a cavity, f, in the said column. It thence passes 'down this cavity and returns to the top of the chamber again. Next it passes to and down a cavity, ft, in the said column. Returning, it passes to a pipe, D, extending around the lower part of the exterior of the chamber A. From this pipe D pipes D extend radially into the distributing-bars A", and at the ends are provided with nozzles from which the steam escapes. In this way the steam becomes highly superheated before entering the chamber A. As the steam enters above the level of the grate-bars the fire will not be so thoroughly chilled as if it entered lower down. Better results are attained by this feature. Preferably the column in which is the flue B is made of less thickness, as shown in Fig. 3, between the portions in which the cavities f f f f are located, so as to facilitate the heating of the said cavities as much as possible.

E designates a pipe for conveying naphtha from an elevated source to a coil of pipe, E, surrounding the flue B From the coil E a pipe, E leads to a pipe, E which enters the D" designates a pipe extending from the pipe D to the pipe E. In its passagethrough the coil E the naphtha becomes vaporized, so that it can flow easily, and the jet of steam escaping from the pipe D into the pipe E" hastens the fiow of the naphtha.

The coal in the chamber A is ignited, and by means of the air-blast is brought to a very high degree of heat. When. raised to the desired degree of heat the superheated steam is admitted and hydrogen gas generated. This gas, on entering the flue B, commingles with the vaporized naphtha and a rich illuminating-gas is formed. If the heat under which the two commingle is suflicient for the production of a fixed gas, then the gas may be allowed to escape from the top of the flue B to any suitable receptacle 5 but if this heat is insufficient for that purpose then the commingled gas and vapor will preferably be passed to the retorts O. The retorts, as here shown, are three in number, and may be made of fire-brick or other suitable material. They are subjected to the the upper portion of said heat produced by a furnace, C. In each of the retorts are shells, 0 with which communicates a flue, B, leading from the flue B. These shells are considerably smaller than the retorts, and do not extend quite to the rear ends thereof. They are removable, and are supported solely by resting on the bottom of the retort. On the under sides they are corrugated, so that spaces will be left between the retorts and their under sides, as well as between the retorts and their other sides. The commin gled gas and vapor pass through these shells to the rear ends and thence escape into the retorts. They then return along the spaces between the retorts and shells. They will together form a fixed gas before escaping from the retorts. Leaving the retorts they pass through a pipe, F, to a washer, G. They pass from the washerG to any suitable receptacle,

The flue B is provided with a valve, H, whereby communication between its horizontal and vertical portions is controlled. This valve is closed when the cover 6 of the flue B is opened, and vice versa.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to Secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for manufacturing gas,

the combination of an annular generator provided with grate-bars, forming an annular grate for supporting the material to be burned,

and a column extending through the generator from top to bottom and containing an outlet-flue, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of an annular generator and a column arranged therein, which serves to conduct away the gas generated, andwhich has openings near the top communicating with generator, substantially as specified.

3. The combination of an annular generator, a column arranged therein, and containing an outlet-flue which communicates with said generator, and a pipe for superheating steam, extending through said column between the fiuc and the generator, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of an annular generator, a column. arranged therein, and containing a flue which communicates with said generator, and a pipe for superheating steam before its admission to. said generator, extending upward and downward in said column, the column being of less thickness between the portions through which said'pipe extends, so as to facilitate the heating of said pipe,v substantially as specified.

5. The combination of an annular generator,

a column arranged therein, and containing a flue which communicates with the generator, and also containing a number of cavities, a pipe for superheating steam before its admission to said generator, extending through or along said cavities, a pipe communicating with the superheater-pipe and extending around the annular generator, and pipes extending convergently from the pipe which extends around the annular generator to the generator isegoi 3 perheated steam under the distributing-bars, so that the latter may serve to distribute it above the level of the grate-bars, substantially as specified.

8. The combination of a gas-generator pipes for conducting steam into the lower part thereof, and the perforated steam distributing bars A, made hollow and inclosing and protecting said stea1n-pipes substantially as specified. ANDR B. LIPsEY.

Vitnesses:

T. J. KEANE, JAMES R. BOWEN. 

